Validating aggregates and bitumen characteristics in road maintenance and safety management for motorizing countries using multidimensional diagrammatic models

Abstract

Maintenance and management systems are essential parameters that align with traffic safety. The dependent factors include traffic accidents on blackspots, contributory causes like pavement and geometric features, and human or vehicle issues. As per the research, more than 75% of accidents are reported due to the deteriorated conditions of the roads in a metropolitan city, Karachi, Pakistan. The consistent feature is the lack of consideration in the adopted strategies of the city, which are based on routine and periodic maintenance procedures. Unfortunately, Karachi, which has an extensive infrastructure, is seriously affected with road delaminations and cracks. Due to limited budget requirements, the city's infrastructure is deficient in pre and post-maintenance techniques. For post phases, it is required to establish the confirmatory experimental protocols for pavement sections to which road failures are observed after initial surveys and investigations. It may be directly associated with the aggregates and bitumen testing on sections of blackspots. It is evident from the statistics that around 45% to 65% of the sections are being influenced by pavement characteristics while evaluating the existing road cracks. It is also compared with the design guidelines of similar sections to identify the gaps in the existing data. The novelty in the paper deals with the usability of accident and failure data for verification of material characteristics conditioned to the industry data. The verification data entails the standard properties of asphalt. The paper enables the working of diagrammatic models in which multidimensional factors, connections of model parameters, and recommendations are elaborated.