Mechanical and Flame-Retardant Properties of Exoxy Epikote 240/Epoxidized Linseed Oil Composites Using Fiber-Glass

Flammability of polymer composite appears to be one of the greatest threats and hence limits its advanced applications. Polymer composite materials can be designed to obtain wide ranges of properties in comparison with traditional materials. However, almost common polymers include the intrinsic flammability, restricting their applications in spite of their flexibility and performance efficiency. In this study, a material based on epoxy Epikote 240 resin 90 phr and epoxidized linseed oil 10 phr was prepared. In order to improve the material's flame retardancy ability but maintain its mechanical strength, the mixture of flame retardants including 9 phr antimony trioxide and 11 phr chlorinated paraffins along with amin compounds as a curing agent were added into the material. In addition, E-glass woven fabric (E 600g/m2 ) was used to improve mechanical strength of the material. As a result, the material was considered as the flameretardant material with LOI index to be 30.3%.

background with 60% wt of ESO were equivalent to epoxy diane background [1][2]. Takashi Tsujimoto at et studied to create green nanocomposite based on ESO reinforced nanosilica 30 nm in size (95,5% wt). Hardness and Young's modulus were significantly increased by using silane adhesive than no silane (9- [3][4]. Epoxy resins are known to have high mechanical strength but have brittle disadvantages, low fire resistance, and non biodegradability. Therefore, modifying epoxy resin to have good mechanical properties and high fire resistance has been researched by many [5][6][7]. In addition, to enhance the mechanical properties epoxy materials are reinforced by nano additives and glass fiber combined Kevlar fiber [8][9][10]

Research Methods Used
The fire retardancy of epoxy/epoxidized linseed oil/Sb2O3/ chlorinated paraffins mixture was determined by limiting oxygen index (LOI) method with ASTM 2863 standard using LOI analyzer (Dynisco) in oxygen-nitrogen atmosphere. The LOI values show the minimum level of oxygen which is needed for combustion process carried out by a Bunsen burner. In these experiments, the samples were combusted vertically. The level of oxygen in the atmosphere was increased steadily until the flame was extinguished but the burning time is 3 minutes or burned part of the sample reaches 5 cm ( Fig. 1(a)).
FE-SEM method using a S-4800 scanning electron microscopewere was used to observe dispersion of structure of the samples cut into small pieces and coated with gold before measuring.     (Fig. 6.).

Effects of Process Variables on Morphological Structure of Materials
Morphological structure of materials was studied by scanning electron microscope. Fig.7 and Fig. 8

Mechanical of Polymer Epoxy Materials
Blend material between epoxy Epikote (EP) and ELO with ratio EP/ELO = 90/10phr was created. Fig.9.   Fig.10. Fig.10 with high resolution, clearly shows that the fractured surface of the E 240 composite epoxy material reinforced with glass cloth and epoxy E 240/ELO composite material with a flame retardant substrate reinforced with glass cloth which was processed by hand pressing method, is relatively smooth, epoxy E 240/ELO/Sb 2 O 3 /chlorinated paraffin glass cloth material shows the bond between the fiber and epoxy 240 /ELO resin is relatively good, the surface of the slot between the fiber and plastic is partially pulled out of the slot and broken, only the epoxy resin area has smooth fractured surface.

FE-SEM image in
The epoxy E 240 / ELO / Sb

Flame Retardancy of Polymer Epoxy Materials
The fire retardation of epoxy E 240/ELO/Sb 2 O 3 /chlorinated paraffin mixture is shown in Fig. 9.   The surface of the material after burning with the oxygen index test using the FE-SEM method was also surveyed. Fig. 12(a) shows that the blank sample of E240 epoxy has a non-intact surface structure that is not intact and on which there are burnt porous areas and cracks ( Fig. 12(b)).

CONCLUSION
In this study, we studied to create mixing of epoxy Epikote 240 with ELO and mixture of the flame retardants